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Granules, perhaps? I usually make my own (clipped bits of wire + charcoal soldering block). I suppose you could use casting grain if the uneven look was what you were after.

It's something to treat with caution - but most chemicals are, really. It's very effective on accumulated gunk in rings, providing there's no stones that won't handle it.

I'd concur. For really gunked up pieces I sometimes soak them in caustic soda prior to the u/s clean.

No, and to be blunt if you're looking to build your business plan on the basis of free information from random strangers online that's not something I would regard as advisable.
Hire a consultant. ...

Given this is a forum for individual makers, this isn't the right place to try and find answers to those questions.
It sounds like you need an industry consultant.

Re: #6... I use 4/0 or 2/0 blades on 5mm steel. The guides on how sawblade vs thickness of metal are usually based around having a minimum of 3 teeth in the cut (and you can affect that by tilting...

A lot of it comes down to personal preference. I don't always bother lubricating the blade, only if I feel the metal is binding on the blade. Drills I always lubricate. Cutting stone seats with...

Kerry's definitely one to talk to (I was going to check with her before recommending...).

Really not repairable? Sounds like a challenge... :)

Is it possible your saw teeth are packed with wax & filings? And is the blade tensioned enough?

It takes very little wax to help things - if it's needed at all; I only apply the wax to the back...

I can probably find someone, but unless they're particularly impressive specimens, you'll probably spend more on a report than the stones are worth.
Brown, "Champagne" (still brown), salt & pepper...

I run through buff sticks quite a lot. I've tried the Zona sticks and they're OK, but the clamp isn't the greatest, which means I spend as much time adjusting them as using them.
These, on the...

According to your calculations, if you have 4.2g of 0.995 gold, that's somehow equivalent to 4.18g gold at 0.999 purity.
So... What have you done with the alloying elements? Conservation of mass...

That should be good, given the authors.
It's pleasing to see Crowood press going hell-for-leather on publishing good quality craft books.

The casting process reproduces what you provide and nothing else - each different size might as well be a different design. If you want different sizes you'll need to either provide different size...

"Patina"... :)

E.g. http://www.minsocam.org/ammin/AM31/AM31_82.pdf

Other than that, if you've any doubts about it send some off to be XRF tested.

However, if you bought copper rather than specifically buying...

Nobody is going to charge £2/g for gold (well, not for long anyway - the loss would bankrupt them quickly). It might be how much the charge is per gram over the base cost of the gold, but it's not...

Is that the 3537 needle burner? It has a small neck tube, so you'd need an additional tube for a larger burner.
Not denigrating the 3537 at all - it's a really nice burner, but it is (as you're...

Powered is a catch-all - that covers impact handpieces (LPF + Foredom hammer, Magna Graver), pneumatic (GRS, Lindsay, older Ensets) and the newer electromechanical Enset.

Here's one of Shaun's...

I don't know of anyone importing the LPF adapter into the UK; I did find it with about £12 shipping on EBay.
You are aware that it's not a pneumatic system...?

As far as "inexpensive" and...

I wouldn't leave it on for too long (months) as you're more likely to have to clean adhesive residue off but I've not seen any reaction issues.
Useful stuff - I know it from PCB rework, but use it...

4mm rod and drill it?

Not something I can really make out in that - not to worry. Inside ring engraving, just the one date then? Relatively easy to recut by hand. Inside the ring is always that much more fun because of...

My initial reaction is that's a lot to size down and yes, conventionally it'd put the stone at risk (distortion of the shoulders as it's being sized).
My gut feel would be to unset the stone and...